Geographical Information Systems (GIS) have developed rapidly in recent years and now provide powerful tools for the capture, manipulation, integration, interrogation, modelling, analysis and visualisation of data - tools that are already used for policy support in a wide range of areas at almost all geographic and administrative levels. This holds especially for emergency preparedness and health risk reduction, which are all essentially spatial problems. To date, however, many initiatives have remained disconnected and uncoordinated, leading to less powerful, less compatible and less widely implemented systems than might otherwise have been the case. The important matters discussed here include the probabilistic nature of most environmental hazards and the semi-random factors that influence interactions between these and human exposures; the effects of temporal and spatial scales on hazard assessment and imputed risk; the effects of measurement error in risk estimation and the stratification of risks and their impacts according to socioeconomic characteristics; and the quantification of socioeconomic differences in vulnerability and susceptibility to environmental hazards.
David Briggs was brought up as the son of a farm-worker in Kent and Sussex, in England, where he gained his love of the countryside. After a career in academia, during which he published widely on the topics of geography, environmental science and environmental health, he took early retirement and moved to New Zealand, where he now lives.
He has always enjoyed writing, and as an escape from university work wrote a number of short stories and children’s stories. An early novel, Figures in a Tuscan Garden, written while he was still working in universities, was short-listed for the UK Constable Trophy but never submitted for publication. Since moving to New Zealand, he has devoted himself to writing novels and poetry. Since moving to New Zealand, he has devoted himself to writing fiction and poetry.
By the Tracks We Leave was self-published through CreateSpace. The Direction of Our Fear was published by BMS Books, in New Zealand, in 2016. The Claim, which was long-listed for the inaugural Michael Gifkins prize in 2018, was published by UK publishers RedDoor in 2019.