This work examines how the navies of Great Britain, the USA, Germany, Japan, the Soviet Union, France and Italy confronted the various technological changes posed during different periods in the 20th century.
Phillips Payson O’Brien is a Professor of Strategic Studies at the University of St. Andrews in Fife, Scotland, where he has taught since 2016. A graduate of Trinity College in Hartford, Connecticut, O'Brien earned a PhD in British and American politics and naval policy before being selected as Cambridge University’s Mellon Research Fellow in American History, and a Drapers Research Fellow at Pembroke College.