DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF WATER DISTRIBUTION NETWORK IN MCG

by Nitin Arora, RISHABH SANKHYAN

All known forms of life have existed on earth for millions of years thanks to water and the life-supporting chemicals it contains. Water is present in our environment naturally in liquid, gaseous, and solid forms, covering more than 70% of the Earth's surface. Since ancient times, people have studied water since it is the most prevalent liquid in the world. Potable water is, however, rather rare; therefore, it must be protected. Humans can access only 1.3% of the planet's water; the remaining 98.7% is primarily contained in the seas and polar ice caps. Water is not distributed uniformly across the globe and is rarely present where it is needed.
The two biggest threats to global water scarcity are population growth and groundwater depletion. Water consumption rises quickly as a result of population growth, industrialization, and agricultural expansion, making it increasingly challenging to meet the demands of all sectors. Water reserves have played a significant role in the population increase and economic development that have occurred during the previous 50 years. Unsustainable rates of consumption are being made of these non-renewable assets. Water pollution rises day by day as the population grows. Domestic sewage, industrial and agricultural runoff, intensive agriculture, soil leaching, garbage, and saline intrusion are the main causes of water contamination. Therefore, it is crucial to encourage sustainable water use that focuses on reducing water waste and safeguarding the available water supplies. Water conservation and its cycle are essential to the planet's equilibrium; therefore, it is everyone's responsibility to protect them.

92 pages, Kindle Edition

Published June 17, 2025