Un breve saggio che Jung scrisse poco prima di morire. La sua destinazione divulgativa ne fa uno strumento indispensabile per chiunque voglia comprendere il nucleo essenziale del pensiero junghiano. Poche decine di pagine che condensano quanto Jung elaborò sul sogno dal momento della sua rottura con Freud e consegnano ai lettori l'estrema formulazione del concetto di archetipo come "materia viva" e realtà costitutiva della psiche.
Carl Gustav Jung (/jʊŋ/; German: [ˈkarl ˈɡʊstaf jʊŋ]), often referred to as C. G. Jung, was a Swiss psychiatrist and psychotherapist who founded analytical psychology. Jung proposed and developed the concepts of extraversion and introversion; archetypes, and the collective unconscious. His work has been influential in psychiatry and in the study of religion, philosophy, archeology, anthropology, literature, and related fields. He was a prolific writer, many of whose works were not published until after his death.
The central concept of analytical psychology is individuation—the psychological process of integrating the opposites, including the conscious with the unconscious, while still maintaining their relative autonomy. Jung considered individuation to be the central process of human development.
Jung created some of the best known psychological concepts, including the archetype, the collective unconscious, the complex, and synchronicity. The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), a popular psychometric instrument, has been developed from Jung's theory of psychological types.
Though he was a practising clinician and considered himself to be a scientist, much of his life's work was spent exploring tangential areas such as Eastern and Western philosophy, alchemy, astrology, and sociology, as well as literature and the arts. Jung's interest in philosophy and the occult led many to view him as a mystic, although his ambition was to be seen as a man of science. His influence on popular psychology, the "psychologization of religion", spirituality and the New Age movement has been immense.
A very interesting book about the origin, the significance and the symbolism of human dreams. The dream is a realm of archetypes which are primitive mental images inherited from the earliest human ancestors and which are present in the collective unconscious. According to Jung, the main purpose of dreams is compensation. They show us what we lack but they very difficult to decipher, mainly for our own protection.
I can’t imagine reading Jung in one sitting. Yes, the word count inside this small booklet is probably exactly the amount of words a skilled reader can devour in just a couple of hours. Yet, you can’t, nor should, speed read or scroll through the text.
Every single chapter bombards the reader with a plethora of information that needs to be carefully digested. It’s like you just had brain surgery and the new set of ideas placed inside your just-sealed skull want to blow up – your mind is trying hard to synergize with the new lofty insights.
Very few authors can condense elephant-size ideas in just a few sentences. But very few people are precisely Carl Jung.
This text deconstructs the meaning behind our dreams and provides practical theories that can help us explain to ourselves the strange images and scenes we create while we are dreaming.
Warning: the text should be approached with patience and most probably a piece of paper.
Library champions report online that the text is “easily” accessible and “simple” to grasp. But my view is that their written simplification of the book is a way for them to present themselves as somehow superior to the average internet user. I can’t really get how someone can “surf” through such highly enlightening text. The information just prompts you to stop reading and start thinking.
Key takeaway:
The core function of our dreams is to show to our consciousness the hidden side of our psyche. The hard-to-understand images our mind creates while we are asleep are a representation of our suppressed desires and feelings. It is crucial to sit and think about these strange scenes. The better we understand them, the better we’ll understand ourselves.
"Symbole und Traumdeutung" ist eine Einführung in die Gedanken von C.G. Jung. Es scheint mir eines der besseren Bücher zu sein um mit einer Auseinandersetzung mit Jung anzufangen. Jung bleibt hier an der Oberfläche und bei den Hintergründen die ihn zu seinen Gedanken führen. In "Symbole und Traumdeutung" bekommt man keine Reise in die Psyche des Menschen und setzt sich nicht mit Jungschen Phänomenen wie "Anima/Animus", "Schatten", "archetypischen Bildern" oder eben der Materie der analytischen Psychologie auseinander. Man wird eher sachte an die Psyche und ihre Existenz herangeführt. Das gelingt Jung, wie in seinen anderen Werken auch, vor allem durch die Schilderung persönlicher Erlebnisse, Träume und Erlebnissen seiner Patienten sowie einer beeindruckenden Kenntnis indigener Völker. Lesen lohnt sich, wenn man glaubt man braucht ein gutes Fundament um sich weiter mit Jung beschäftigen zu können. Lesen lohnt sich auch, wenn man in den Extremen von "Ach du Kacke ist das geil!" und "Ach du Kacke ist das gruselig!" für 117 Seiten gefangen sein möchte. Wer aber eine Auseinandersetzung mit Träumen, ihrer Deutung und Symbolik nach Jung haben möchte, die über den Versuch Träume und Symbole für wichtig und plausibel zu erklären hinausgeht, sollte zu einem anderen Werk von Jung greifen.
Ho letto questo libro per conoscere meglio il pensiero del famoso psicanalista svizzero Carl Gustav Jung e i modi in cui si distanzia da quello del suo maestro, l'ancor più celebre Sigmund Freud. Posso essere soddisfatto, perché questo snello libriccino è scritto in un linguaggio accessibile anche a chi come me è quasi digiuno di saggistica scientifica, psicologica e filosofica.
Jung parte dall'analisi del sogno come il suo maestro, ma, se Freud vede le visioni oniriche come un metodo per arrivare alla radice di un complesso più profondo attraverso una catena di associazioni, per il suo allievo queste devono essere analizzate come messaggi che il nostro inconscio, in forma simbolica, ci trasmette. A volte, tali simboli possono essere ricondotti non a conoscenze, consce o inconsce che siano, dell'individuo, ma a un serbatoio di immagini ricorrenti in ogni essere umano di qualsiasi parte della Terra, i cosiddetti archetipi (qui il pensiero di Jung incontra l'antropologia). Si tratta, dunque, di una sorta di sostrato comune a tutta l'umanità.
Interessante anche l'idea che esistano forme di pensiero dell'essere umano dicotomiche tra di loro, che si manifestano in combinazioni diverse in ogni individuo (che può essere estroverso o introverso, basarsi su pensiero o senso...): da qui prenderanno le mosse gli sviluppatori del celebre test delle 16 personalità (l'indicatore di personalità di Myers-Briggs).
Sebbene il punto di arrivo del saggio, che sembra sfociare in un elogio dell'irrazionalità soppressa dal pensiero scientifico nel XX secolo, non sia condivisibile, si tratta di un ottimo testo per conoscere il pensiero di Jung e farsi la propria idea a riguardo.
Jung's summary of his views on dreams. Notably accepts the idea prominent in the ancient world but out of style since the 'enlightenment', and differing from the Freudian view of dreams as wish fulfillments, that dreams can be omen. He cites a couple patients whose dreams foreshadowed their own deaths or serious injuries.
Although for Jung these omens are not coming from God necessarily, but from one's own unconscious, which can see deeper into certain things than one's own conscious. Jung claimed to have had dreams that predicted the first world war months before it began in great symbolic detail full of apocalyptic imagery - but I am not sure whether he ascribed to this anything supernatural.
Piti lukea teos oikein kahdesti, että kykenin sanomaan mitään kokoavaa. Sen verran yhdeksi mössöksi jauhautuu mielessä alitajunta, unet, symbolit ja arkkityypit, että ne piti erotella tietoisesti. Jung ei tee tästä helppoa, koska käsitteet liittyvät toisiinsa syvällisesti. Jung myös kirjoittaa tyylikkäästi ja käyttää esimerkkejä ja puheenpartta, joita tavallinenkin tallaaja ymmärtää, mutta kun juttu rönsyää, on paikoin vaikea löytää punaista lankaa.
Jos yksi kiinnostava seikka pitäisi nostaa muiden yläpuolelle tästä suuremmoisesta kirjasta, olisi se varmaankin Jungin käsitys arkkityypeistä ja niiden energiasta, joka ilmenee "numinaationa", lumoavana voimana joka väristää meitä, kun kohtaamme mytologisen näyn esimerkiksi Sankarista, hirviöt ja kuoleman voittavasta Jumalihmisestä. Primitiivinen mieli, kuvien ja assosiaatioiden maailma kaappaa meidät tanssiin, musiikkiin, hymneihin ja uhreihin, joilla ylistämme Sankaria. Jung uskoi, että tiedostamaton ilmenee ihmisessä ensisijaisesti toimintana. Myytit ja kertomukset ovat myöhäisempiä rationalisointeja siitä, miksi niin toimittiin. Walter Otto on kirjassaan: Dionysos - Myth and cult väittänyt jotain samankaltaista. Hänen mukaansa rituaalit ovat kehittyneet välittömistä, kehollisista reaktioista pyhän kohtaamisessa. Myytit taas selityksiä rituaaleista.
Hieno teos, joka vaatii osakseen sekä vakavaa suhtautumista, että toisaalta varovaista etäisyyttä. Näin psykologian noviisina on ehkä hyvä pitää pää pinnalla kun virta vie syviin vesiin.