Handbook of Refractive Index and Dispersion of Water for Scientists and Engineers: Thermo-Optic and Pressure-Optic Coefficients of Water

by Gorachand Ghosh

The refractive index and its variation with the wavelength of ordinary light or laser transmitting through the liquid water are the intrinsic fundamental optical parameters for various optical industries. In particular, the optical dispersion of water is an important parameter characterize the femtosecond laser pulse propagation in the Earth's atmosphere, oceanic submarine communication systems, and even through the human tissues, cells and bodies.The second and third orders dispersion coefficients of water are measured in the visible and near IR region by using a Michelson white light interferometer. The existing empirical dispersion equations of water are not capable to analyze these fundamental parameters. Nevertheless, the existence of zero-dispersion wavelength can not be verified with these equations.This eBook is the republication of my self published book through my wife in 2005. This book grew out of my the then 28 years of research and experience in the field of nonlinear, fiber and ordinary optics. It requires some basic understanding of optical physics and and physical phenomena. There is no handy reference book for these important parameters. The purpose of this book is to fulfill as a timely need of a reference-cum-handy source book in this century for the refractive index and its second and third orders dispersion coefficients of water from the UV to the near IR region and their variations against temperature and pressure. These parameters can be used to design new femtoscience and biotechnological devices and to explain the existing devices or systems satisfactorily.Chapter 1 introduces the basic introduction of this problem. Chapter 2 describes refractive index, existing empirical relations of refractive indices of water at room temperature. A new physically intuitive model is presented here to account for the refractive indices of liquid. The model is applied to the normal transmission region of water nicely. Chapter 3 deals with the measurement and formulation of second and third orders dispersion coefficients for the refractive index of water. The experimental and computed values of dispersions are given in both the tabular form and in graphs to make it easy to see patterns and trends in the results of the physically meaningful model. Chapter 4 explains the variation of refractive index and dispersion with temperature. The variation of refractive index with pressure is described in chapter 5. Chapter 6 describes the effect of salinity for the refractive index of water. Chapter 7 focuses on the future prospect to represent these optical parameters in this model for other liquids such as 3-methylpentane.

157 pages, Kindle Edition

Published September 4, 2021