“(but) for many in the city, the name Hoover had become a term of abuse. Hoover blankets were the sheets of old newspapers that the homeless wrapped themselves in to keep warm, Hoover leather was the cardboard they used to cover the holes in the soles of their shoes, and Hoover flags were their empty pants pockets turned inside out— the visible proof of their destitution as they held out their hands for alms. And at night they slept in Hoovervilles— shantytowns made of cardboard, tin, and scraps of broken wood.”