Karima
Karima asked David Andrew Nichols:

what was the major factor that causes the soviet union to collapse?

David Andrew Nichols Food. The collectivization of agriculture caused the USSR's population to outstrip its food supply by the early 1960s. Oil exports and borrowing allowed the Soviet government to import grain, for a time, but oil prices plummeted in the 1980s and credit dried up in the early '90s. Without food and credit the USSR couldn't use its army to suppress independence movements in the republics, nor a liberalization movement in Russia itself.

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